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Tuesday, October 28, 2014
THE LARGEST LIZARD IN THE WORLD FROM INDONESIA

THE LARGEST LIZARD IN THE WORLD FROM INDONESIA




KOMODO FROM INDONESIA


KOMODO 
Komodo, or more called Komodo dragons (Varanus), is the world's largest lizard species that live on the islands of Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili Mota, and Gili Dasami in Nusa Tenggara. This lizard by the natives of Komodo island is also called by local names ora.

Including family members Varanidae lizard, and klad Toxicofera, dragons are the largest lizards in the world, with an average length of 2-3 m. Large size is associated with symptoms of island gigantism, the tendency for the body certain animals that live on a small island linked to the absence of mammalian carnivores on the island where komodo live, and the rate of metabolism of small dragons. Because of his body, these lizards occupy the position of a top predator that dominate the ecosystems in which they live.

Komodo dragons are found by western researchers in 1910. Her body is great and terrible reputation makes them popular zoo. komodo in the wild habitat has been shrinking due to human activity and therefore incorporate komodo IUCN as a species vulnerable to extinction. This large lizard is now protected under Indonesian law and a national park, Komodo National Park, established to protect them.

Anatomy and morfology
Berkas:Komodo dragon skin.jpg
scales komodo
resource ;Wikipedia.org

In the wild, adult komodo usually weighs about 70 pounds, but the komodo are kept in captivity often have a greater body weight. Largest wild specimen ever had was 3.13 meters long and weighing about 166 kilograms, including the weight of undigested food in the stomach. Although komodo noted as the largest lizard that is still alive, but not the longest. This reputation is held by Papua lizard (Varanus salvadorii). 


Komodo has a tail that is the same length as its body, and about 60 pieces of sharp serrated teeth along at about 2.5 cm, which is often substituted. Their saliva is often blood-tinged, because its teeth are almost completely covered by gingival tissue and this tissue naturally lacerated during feeding. This creates an ideal culture for the virulent bacteria that live in their mouths. 

Komodo has a long tongue, yellow and forked. Komodo komodo males larger than females, with skin color from dark gray to brick red, while more female dragons green olives, and a small piece of yellow on the throat. Young Komodo dragons more colorful, with yellow, green and white on a black background.

Fisiology

Komodo does not have the sense of hearing, despite having the ear hole. This lizard is able to see as far as 300 m, but because the retina contains only cones, the animal is probably not so well seen in the darkness of night. Komodo is able to distinguish colors, but are not able to distinguish how stationary objects. 


Komodo dragon uses its tongue to detect taste and smell stimuli, like other reptiles, with the vomeronasal sensory utilizing Jacobson's organ, a sense that aids navigation in the dark. With the help of the wind and cocking his head to the right habits and to the left when walking, komodo can detect the presence of carrion as far as 4-9.5 kilometers. Nostrils komodo is not a tool of smell good because they do not have a diaphragm. These animals have no sense of taste in the tongue, there are few nerve endings of taste on the back of the throat. 

Their scales, some of which are reinforced with bone, have sensory plaques connected to nerves that facilitate its sense of touch. The scales around the ears, lips, chin, and soles of the feet may have three or more sensory plaques. 

Komodo dragons were thought to be deaf when a study whisper, voices, and shouts did not result in agitation (noise) in the wild komodo. This was refuted later when employees ZSL London Zoo, Joan Proctor trained lizards to dine out with his voice, even when he was not seen by the lizards.

Ecology, Behavior, and Life

Komodo dragons are found exclusively in Indonesia, on the island of Komodo, Flores and Rinca and several other islands in Nusa Tenggara. Live in dry open grassland, savanna and tropical forest at low elevations, this lizard likes hot and dry place. They are active during the day, although sometimes also active at night. Komodo dragons are largely solitary, coming together only to breed and eat. 
This picture shows, komodo that are climbing
resource : Google Search

Large reptiles can sprint up to 20 miles per hour in short distances; swim very well and can dive as deep as 4.5 meters, and the clever use their claws to climb trees that strong. to catch prey that is out of reach, komodo may stand on its hind legs and use its tail as a support. With increasing age, komodo claws are used primarily as a weapon, because of its large size makes climbing impractical.

For shelter, komodo dig holes 1-3 meters wide with the front legs and strong claws Because of his body and the habit of sleeping in a hole, komodo can maintain body heat during the night and reduce time in the sun the next morning. Komodo generally hunt in the afternoon, but still the shade during the hottest part of the day. komodo hiding places are usually located in the dunes or hills with the sea breeze, open from vegetation, and here and there were scattered droppings. They also serve as a strategic location to ambush deer.











FEEDING BEHAVIOR
Berkas:Komodo Dragon Eating Rinca.jpg
Young komodo eating the carcasses of buffaloes
resource :http://www.einarsen.no/Indonesia/Flores/Flores.html


Komodo dragons are carnivores. Although they mostly eat carrion, studies show that they also hunt live prey with a stealthy approach followed by a sudden attack against the victim. When the prey arrives near a hidden komodo, animals be attacked on the underside or the throat. Komodo can find their prey using a keen sense of smell, which can locate a dead or dying animals at a distance of 9.5 kilometers.
Young Komodo dragons on Rinca eating a buffalo carcass.
Ancient reptiles ate by means tearing large chunks of flesh and then swallow her whole while the front legs hold the prey's body. For small-sized prey as large as sheep, the meat could be spent on one swallow. The contents of the stomach and intestines are typically avoided.
Red saliva and out in large quantities very helpful komodo in swallowing prey. However, ingestion still take a long time; 15-20 minutes to swallow a goat. Komodo sometimes attempt to speed up the process by ramming the carcass against a tree, in order to force it past the throat. And sometimes the efforts to suppress it so hard that it becomes a tree fall down.
To prevent itself from suffocating while swallowing, breathing through a small tube under the tongue that connects directly to the lungs. The jaws that can be developed freely, flexible skull, and stomach can be stretched remarkable allow komodo eat large prey, up to 80% of their own body weight in one meal.
After eating, komodo running shuffling his overfed seek sunlight for sunbathing and speed up the digestive process. Otherwise, the food can rot in the stomach and poison their own bodies. Due to slow metabolism, large dragons can survive by just eating 12 times a year, or roughly once a month. 

After digestion, komodo regurgitates a mass of horns, hair and teeth prey, in clumps of mucus mixed with the smell, which is known as gastric clumps of pellets. After the komodo swept his face to the ground or into the bush to clean up the remnants of the mucus, which suggests that the behavior of komodo, like humans, do not like the smell of her own spit.


reproduction

Mating occurs between May and August, with the eggs laid in September. During this period, males fight over females and territory by way of "wrestling" with another male standing on his hind legs. With the loser will fall and "locked" to the ground. Both male dragons it may vomit or defecate when preparing for battle.
The winner will fight long tongue flicking on the body of the female for the female look reception. Females are antagonistic and resist with their claws and teeth during the early phases of courtship. Therefore, the male must fully restrain the female during coitus to avoid being hurt. Other behavior shown during this process is ram rubbing their chins on the female, hard scratches on the back and licked. Copulation occurs when the male enter one hemipenisnya to the cloaca of the female. Komodo dragons may be monogamous and form "pair," a rare trait for a lizard.

Females will lay their eggs in holes in the ground, scraping side of a hill or mound-legged bird nest charred orange that has been abandoned. Komodo prefer to keep their eggs in nests that have ditinggalkan.Sebuah Clutches contain an average of 20 eggs which will hatch after 7-8 months. The female lies on the eggs to incubate and protect them until they hatch around April, at the end of the rainy season when there are so many insects.
Hatching is an exhausting effort for the pups, who came out of the eggshell after tearing the egg tooth that after the job is completed. After cutting out the egg shell, the hatchlings may lie in their eggshells for hours before starting to dig out of the nest. When hatched, these babies can not how helpless and preyed upon by predators.
resource : reptilis.net
Young Komodo dragons spend their first few years in trees, where they are relatively safe from predators, including cannibalistic adults, which is about 10% of the diet of young dragons who successfully hunted. Dragons take three to five years to mature, and may live for more than 50 years.

In addition to the normal reproductive process, there are several examples of cases of female dragons to produce children without the presence of males (parthenogenesis), a phenomenon also known to occur in some other reptile species such as Whiptail Lizards.

toxins and bacteria

resource : www.komodotour.co.id
In late 2005, researchers from the University of Melbourne, Australia, concluded that Perentie lizard (Varanus giganteus) and the other dragons and lizards from the tribe Agamidae, is likely to have some sort of can. It was known that the injuries from the bite of these animals are very prone to infection because of the bacteria that live in the mouth of these lizards, but the researchers showed that the direct effect that appears at the bite injuries can be caused by the inclusion of a magnitude medium.

These researchers have observed the wounds in the hands of humans from lizard Varanus varius bite, V. Scalaris and komodo, and all showed a similar reaction: rapid swelling within minutes, localized disruption of blood clotting, pain that gripped up to the elbow , with some symptoms that last up to several hours later.

A gland that can contain highly toxic has been successfully retrieved from the mouth of a dragon at the Singapore Zoo, and to convince the researchers would be content that belongs to komodo.

In addition it contains can, Komodo dragon saliva also has a variety of deadly bacteria in it; more than 28 Gram-negative and Gram-positive 29 has been isolated from saliva. These bacteria cause septicemia in their victim. If the initial bite does not kill the prey and the prey can escape, generally hapless prey will die within a week of infection.

The most deadly bacteria in Komodo dragon saliva appears bacterium Pasteurella multocida is a very deadly; known through experiments with laboratory rats. Because the Komodo dragon appears immune to its own microbes, much research was done to find antibacterial molecules in the hope it can be used for human treatment.

Friday, October 24, 2014
SEVEN FIGURE THAT WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE INTERNET

SEVEN FIGURE THAT WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE INTERNET



The presence of the Internet has facilitated the activities of people's lives around the world. Various activities can be facilitated by the use of the Internet media, ranging from information search activities, buying and selling, communication with the remote location to other entertainment functions. The rapid development of the Internet of course pioneered by the great figures who diligently exploring Internet technology.

do you know anyone who plays a role in advancing Internet technology? The following will be explained Seven figure that was instrumental in the Advancement of the internet


1. The internet creator VINT CERF and BOB KHAN
 Both of these figures are great people who managed to create a computer language. The computer      language used to communicate with other computers that are in the same network. Computer              language found Vint and Bob then named TCP / IP. Thanks to the great invention of the two              figures, we can now connect with people anywhere in the world via a network which later became      the forerunner, was developed and named the Internet.
resource by :google search
\ Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
2. The inventor of the concept of www - TIM BERNERS LESS
Tim Berners-Less was the first to write web pages and servers. Tim is a pioneer of IT professions such as web designers, programmers and application developers etc. Not only that, the team is also     the man who invented the standardization of web (www which stands for World Wide Web) and he is still trying to enhance the findings via the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
resource :wikipedia.org
3. Email Initiator - RAY TOMLINSON
Ray Tomlinson is one of the brilliant figures who contributed to the development of the internet.     Try to imagine what would happen if today the concept of exchanging messages by email is still missing?
Unimaginable how difficult and slow pace of delivery of information from one party to another       party without the help of email. By email, in a matter of seconds you can send the information to     be conveyed to the parties of Internet users around the world. The information can be sent via email were very diverse forms ranging from text, images, sounds, documents up internet links.
resource : forbes.com


4. Google founders - LARRY PAGE and SERGEY BRIN
The discovery of Larry Page and Sergey Brin makes it easier for Internet users to search information. In fact there is a saying reads "Google before you tweet". Wow, it seems that modern society can not be separated from Google. All information required will surely be sought answers through Google.
The search engine is not the first thing that is implicated in Internet technology, but could conceivably be found since the first search engine, Google, the growth internet technology is unstoppable burst of up to date.
resource : by Google
5. Microsoft - Great Invention of a BILL GATES
Software company called Microsoft was very popular in the world. Its founder is the figure of a technology pecintan named Bill Gates. Products produced Microsoft has become the belle of the     software in various fields such as office and home use. Through the operating system to Microsoft Windows and Office, Bill Gates has influenced the way people in the world in exchanging information, typing, makes the financial statements as well as other activities.\
resource : by Microsoft
6. Founder of E-commerce eBay - PIERRE MORAD OMIDYAR
The man who was a pioneer of the sale and purchase transactions online through the internet. Pierre Morad is the inventor and innovator eBay buying and selling online in the world. He foundthe presence of eBay can facilitate online trading activities throughout the world. Because unused  items a person can be a treasure trove for others who need such items. If there is no concept of an online business that discovery be created by Pierre Morad Omidyar cold hands, perhaps synergi between economic growth and the internet will not be at this time.
resource : by Google
7. Inventors Paypal Online Payment System - PETER THIEL
Shopping and selling online would require some form of legal tender. Through Paypal Peter Thiel's work, we can make bill payments and shopping online with ease without having to wait for the bank transfer process between continents. Through the use of Paypal, bill payments and purchase payment transactions easy and universal in seconds. Wow, what an awesome instead
resource : by Google


article from www.maxmanroe.com
Thursday, October 23, 2014
TOUR IN KUTA BALI

TOUR IN KUTA BALI

BALI CITY

Bali is the name of one of the provinces in Indonesia and also the name of the largest islands that are part of the province. In addition consists of the island of Bali, Bali Province also consists of the islands smaller in the vicinity, namely the island of Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan Island, Nusa Island and Island Ceningan Serangan .

Bali lies between Java and Lombok. Denpasar is the provincial capital located in the south of the island. The majority of Balinese are Hindu. In the world famous Bali as a tourist destination with a unique variety of art-culture, especially for the Japanese and Australian tourists. Bali is also known as the Island of the Gods and Island of the thousand temples





photo of  Nusa Lembongan Island
 .

Nusa Lembongan is an island where we can enjoy the surf is not inferior to hawaii .

Berkas:NusaCeningan2009.jpg
Photo of Nusa Ceningan Island
resource ; http://www.fotopedia.com/items/jmhullot-E02e--6Byu8

the existence and history of the Ceningan island and Nusa Penida.than as a place of spiritual because it is believed Ceningan as sacred ground, there is also a tourist attraction that tersebr objects across Ceningan like bird's nest and the waves are good for surfing, located in the southeast of the island of Bali .

in addition to the beauty of his island so great, bali island also has the beauty of the other. such as culture, mountains, traditional dance etc.

sample photos from dance Kecak
resource : www.bumiayuhotel.com

sample photo from KECAK dances 2
resource : 
www.indonesia.travel
Berkas:Tari Pendet.jpg
Sample photo from Pendet dances
resouce : by christopher michel
One of the dances are very popular for tourists is the Kecak and Pendet. do not claim to have traveled to Bali if you have not seen the Kecak dance and Pendet .hehe

Balinese dance in general can be categorized into three groups, namely guardian or sacred dance performances, bebali or dance performances for ceremonies and also for visitors and balih-balihan or dance for the entertainment of visitors.
still remember a movie called Eat Pray Love, starring Julia Roberts and Javier Bardem. if you've seen it you definitely will see a panoramic view of the culture of Bali and also to its natural beauty


Bali is also inferior to its culinary, if you visit Bali, you will be met by the smell of spicy food and other culinary delights so.

resouce ; by google

examples of Balinese culture
if we were in Bali, we will encounter many temples that had existed for hundreds of years and so many cultures that exist in Bali so tourists who've been to the island of Bali also want to travel again.

not only its culture are many, but the population of the island of Bali are very friendly and was well known by many tourists who visit there.
for you that you are obliged to hobby of surfing trips to Bali, because of the waves on the island of Bali is good for surfing and not inferior to in hawaii.

examples of waves in bali .
resource : by google

Well so much from me, hopefully useful for you . =D


Wednesday, October 22, 2014
CARA Menginstal WampServer dan Mengujinya

CARA Menginstal WampServer dan Mengujinya

Berikut tahap-tahap untuk menginstall WampServer.
WampServer yang saya gunakan adalah 32bit.

Bagi yang belum mempunya Software WampServer Bisa Download disini : http://www.filehorse.com/download-wampserver-32/

1. Klik Software WampServer akan muncul tampilan FORM , lalu Klik "RUN"
2. Lalu Klik yes untuk Konfirmasi Penginstall an
3. Klik Tombol Yes. Akan muncul tampilan seperti berikut:


4. Klik pada tombol Next. akan muncul tampilan berikut:

  centang I accept the agreement

5. Klik tombol Next kembali. 
  
6. centang ke duanya, Klik pada tombol Next.  seperti gambar berikut :
    

7. Klik kotak cek Create a Quick Launch icon. Lantas, Klik tombol Next. Akan muncul tampilan         berikut :

8. Klik Tombol  Install.  dan tunggu proses peng install an
    jika muncul FORM klik  Yes  jika anda mau menjadikan Firefox sebagai  browser bawaan                   untuk WampServer2. jika tidak , klik No.

9. jika muncul FORM seperti gambar dibawah, centang pada kotak cek  Private network saja dan          kemudian klik pada tombol  Allow Access.

10. Beberapa saat kemudian muncul tampilan FORM sebagai berikut :
      
tuliskan SMTP anda dan tuliskan Email anda
klik Next .
11. Klik tombol Finish .  untuk meng akhiri pengintall-an

12. Maka aka muncul Form . Klik pada tombol  Yes . Dengan cara seperti itu , Web server Apache,           dan database server MySQL telah di Aktifkan .

Mengaktifkan WampServer
Klik tombol Start > All Program > WampServer > start WampServer > klik Yes.

Buat yang di Windows 8 klik Start lalu cari ikon yang bernama start WampServer
untuk menuji apakah WampServer berasil terinstall .
anda tinggal menguji aplikasi web melalu browser anda . coba ketikan URL: http://127.0.0.1/. jika tidak ada masalah, anda akan di menjumpai tampilan seperti di bawah ini :

itu tandanya WampServer anda berhasil terinstall.






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Mengenal apa itu MySQL




Pengantar
MySQL
 adalah database server yang sangat populer dan banyak digunakan untuk menangani data yang di sajikan di halaman web . Oleh karena itu, kebutuhan pemrograman yang bisa memanfaatkan MySQL sangat tinggi. Dengan demikian, menguasai pemrograman MySQL bisa menjadi Suatu Keuntungan Pribadi. 



MySQL adalah nama database server. Database server adalah server yang berfungsi untuk menangani database. Database adalah suatu pengorganisasian data dengan tujuan memudahkan penyimpanan dan pengaksesan data. Dengan menggunakan MySQL, kita bisa minyimpan data dan kemudian data bisa diakses dengan cara yang mudah dan tepat .
MySQL tergolong sebagai database relasional. pada model ini, data dinyatakan dalam bentuk dua dimensi yang secara khusus di namakan tabel. Tabel tersusun atas baris dan kolom.

Cara memperoleh MySQL

MySQL bisa diunduh secara di situs http://www.php.net. Namun, untuk kemudahan bagi anda di dalam mempraktikan pengaksesan database melalui PHP, Anda bisa memanfaatkan WampServer. Dengan Menggunakan paket perangkat lunak yang bersifat gratis ini, anda dapat membuat aplikasi web dengan mudah. 




Sejarah MySQL

MySQL pada awalnya diciptakan pada tahun 1979, oleh Michael "Monty" Widenius, seorang programmer komputer asal swedia. Monty mengembangkan sebuah sistem database sederhana yang di namakan UNIREG yang menggunakan koneksi low-level ISAM database engine dengan indexing. Pada saat itu Monty bekerja pada perushaan bernama TcX di Swedia.
TcX pada tahun 1994 mulai mengembangkan aplikasi berbasis web, dan berencana menggunakan UNIREG sebagai sistem database. Namun sayangnya, UNIREG dianggap tidak cocok untuk database yang dinamis seperti web.
TcX kemudian mencoba mencari alternatif sistem database lainya, salah satunya adalah mSQL (miniSQL). namun mSQL versi 1 ini juga memiliki kekurangan, yaitu tidak mendukung indexing, sehingga performanya tidak terlalu bagus.
Dengan tujuan memperbaiki performa mSQL, Monty mencoba menghubungi David Hughes (programmer yang mengembangkan mSQL) untuk menanyakan apakah ia tertarik mengembangkan sebuah konektor di mSQL yang dapat dihubungkan dengan UNIREG ISAM sehingga mendukung indexing. Namun Saat itu Hughes menolak, dengan alasan sedang mengembangkan teknologi indexing yang independen untuk mSQL versi 2.
Dikarenakan penolakan tersebut, David Hughes,TcX (dan juga Monty) akhirnya memutuskan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan sendiri konsep sistem database baru. Sistem ini merupakan gabungan dari UNIREG dan mSQL (yang Source codenya dapat bebas digunakan).
Sehingga pada May 1995, sebuah RDBMS baru, yang dinamakan MySQL diliris.David axmark dari Detron HB, rekanan TcX mengusulkan agar mySQL di jual dengan model bisnis baru. Ia mengusulkan agar mySQL dikembangkan dan dirilis dengan gratis. Pendapatan perusahaan selanjutnya di dapat dari menjual jasa "support" untuk perusahaan yang ingin mengimplementasikan MySQL. Konsep bisnis ini sekarang di kenal dengan istilah Open Source.
Pada tahun 1995 itu juga, TcX berubah nama menjadi MySQL AB, dengan Michael Widenius, David Axmark dan Allan Larsson sebagai pendirinya. titel "AB" di belakang MySQL, adalah singkatan dari "Aktiebolag", istilah PT(Perseroan Terbatas) bagi perusahaan Swedia .




Tuesday, October 21, 2014
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CARA MEMAINKAN APLIKASI ANDROID PADA KOMPUTER / LAPTOP



mungkin agan" sekalian ingin merasakan BBM an   atau ingin main clash of clans di PC .??
nih ane punya tips jitu buat agan" yang penasaraan apakah aplikasi android itu bisa di jalankan pada komputer atau laptop .


sebenarnya simple anda hanya harus mengunakan aplikasi yang bernama BlueStacks . BlueStacks merupakan sebuah emulator yang menjalankan sistem berbasis Android yang memungkinkan pengguna nya merasakan semua yang anda pada android
dengan cara mendownload dan mengInstallnya .
Emulator ini berfungsi agar apabila kita ingin menginstall aplikasi di Gadget, SmartPhone yang berbasis android. Kita bisa mencobanya terlebih dahulu pada PC. Apabila sudah cocok, maka sudah bisa diinstall langsung di SmartPhone atau gadgetnya langsung. Intinya hal ini mempermudah kita untuk mencobanya atau PC kita sebagai tester.

http://www.oprekandroid.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/bluestacks-logo1.jpg
Berikut langkah-langkah nya ..
  • Download BlueStacks DISINI
  • lalu download Microsoft .NET FrameWork 4.0  Agar aplikasi BlueStacks tersupport di Pc anda
  • Setelah selesai download kemudian install bluestacksnya. Mohon Bersabar karena proses ini cukup memakan waktu cukup lama tergantung koneksi yang dipakai. Kurang lebih satu jam
  • setelah ter install tutup saja tab nya lalu masuk kembali
  • setelah masuk anda akan di hadapkan pada menu atau istilahya seperti Appworld

    kita tinggal memilih aplikasi mana yang ingin kita  pasang pada emulator Android kita .
    dan anda harus menginstall kembali aplikasi mana yang ingin anda pasang seperti halnya kita memakai GADGET android

Monday, October 20, 2014
SEJARAH LINUX UBUNTU

SEJARAH LINUX UBUNTU


SEJARAH SISTEM OPERASI LINUX UBUNTU



Linux adalah salah satu sistem operasi yang banyak sekali menyita para pemakai komputer . taukah anda siapa penciptanya dan asal mula terciptanya OS linux ubuntu ini .. oke langsung simak ajah di bawah ini






Ubuntu pertama kali dirilis pada 20 Oktober 2004, versi-versi ubuntu akan dirilis stiap 6 bulan sekali agar dapat memperbaharui sistem keamanan dan update program. LTS (Long Term Support) rilis, yang terjadi setiap dua tahun, didukung untuk tiga tahun pada desktop dan server untuk lima tahun. Andy Fitzsimon merupakan pencipta logo dari ubuntu yang sampai pada saat ini tidak ada perubahan dalam logo tersebut. Default User Interfaceny menggunakan GNOME ( varian berbeda ). Ubuntu didasarkan pada paket-paket dari Debian yang tidak stabil keduanya menggunakan distro Debian’s deb format dan alat manajemen paket, APT dan Synaptic walaupun Debian dan Ubuntu merupakan paket-paket yang belum tentu ( biner kompatibel ) satu sama lain, dan mungkin perlu dibangun ulang dari sumber. Ubuntu dapat digunakan baik untuk desktop maupun server. Ubuntu saat ini mendukung berbagai arsitektur komputer seperti PC (Intel x86), PC 64-bita (AMD64), PowerPC (Apple iBook dan Powerbook, G4 dan G5), Sun UltraSPARC dan T1 (Sun Fire T1000 dan T2000), Playstation 3.


Minimum sistem untuk instalasi desktop adalah 300 MHz prosesor x86, 64 MB RAM, 4 GB dari ruang hard drive, dan video yang mendukung kartu VGA pada resolusi 640×480. Disarankan sistem untuk instalasi desktop adalah 700 MHz prosesor x86, 384 MB RAM, 8 GB dari ruang hard drive, dan video yang mendukung kartu VGA di resolusi 1024 × 768. Server memerlukan instalasi x86 prosesor 300 MHz, 64 MB RAM, [61] dan video yang mendukung kartu VGA di 640 × 480. Komputer yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan minimum yang disarankan sistem yang disarankan untuk mencoba Xubuntu, berdasarkan Xfce.

Definisi Ubuntu





Ubuntu adalah salah satu distribusi Linux yang berbasiskan pada Debian dan dirilis secara berkala (setiap enam bulan). Proyek Ubuntu disponsori oleh Canonical Ltd (perusahaan milik Mark Shuttleworth). Nama Ubuntu diambil dari nama sebuah konsep ideologi di Afrika Selatan. “Ubuntu” berasal dari bahasa kuno Afrika, yang berarti “rasa perikemanusian terhadap sesama manusia”. Ubuntu juga bisa berarti “aku adalah aku karena keberadaan kita semua”. Tujuan dari distribusi Linux Ubuntu adalah membawa semangat yang terkandung di dalam Ubuntu ke dalam dunia perangkat lunak.


Ubuntu adalah sistem operasi lengkap berbasis Linux, tersedia secara bebas dan mempunyai dukungan baik yang berasal dari komunitas maupun tenaga ahli profesional. fokus utama sistem operasi Ubuntu adalah para pengguna dan kemudahan penggunaan dan pada setiap rilis Ubuntu akan memberikan perbaikan keamanan selama 18 bulan. Ubuntu menyertakan lingkungan desktop Gnome / KDE / XFCE terbaru di setiap rilis dan juga menyertakan beragam bnyak pilihan perangkat lunak untuk server dan desktop yang semuanya bisa dikemas ke dalam satu CD. Komunitas Ubuntu dibentuk berdasarkan gagasan yang terdapat di dalam filosofi Ubuntu:
Bahwa perangkat lunak harus tersedia dengan bebas biaya
Bahwa aplikasi perangkat lunak tersebut harus dapat digunakan dalam bahasa lokal masing-masing dan untuk orang-orang yang mempunyai keterbatasan fisik
Bahwa pengguna harus mempunyai kebebasan untuk mengubah perangkat lunak sesuai dengan apa yang mereka butuhkan.


Perihal kebebasan inilah yang membuat Ubuntu berbeda dari perangkat lunak Proprietary, bukan hanya peralatan yang Anda butuhkan tersedia secara bebas biaya, tetapi Anda juga mempunyai hak untuk memodifikasi perangkat lunak Anda sampai perangkat lunak tersebut bekerja sesuai dengan yang Anda inginkan.



Cara Instalasi





Ubuntu memang tidak menggunakan instalasi berbasiskan grafik yang cantik, tetapi Ubuntu dapat diinstal dengan CEPAT dan MUDAH. Masih ada beberapa bagian yang harus Anda ketahui terlebih dahulu untuk melakukan instalasi, tetapi metode instalasi baku Ubuntu akan mudah digunakan dan bekerja dengan baik untuk semua orang. Untuk keperluan instalasi Anda cukup membutuhkan satu CD saja, sebab Ubuntu telah menyertakan semua aplikasi yang dibutuhkan untuk instalasi ke dalam satu CD, sedangkan untuk aplikasi tambahan lainnya tersedia secara online jika Anda membutuhkannya. Pada komputer umum, instalasi Ubuntu akan selesai kurang dari 25 menit.


Instalasi Ubuntu mungkin tidak memakai GUI, tetapi Anda hanya akan menggunakannya sekali saja, karena setelah ini untuk upgrade dari satu versi ke versi berikutnya dapat dilakukan melalui jaringan tanpa memerlukan CD instalasi lagi. Anda juga tidak harus menginstal ulang sistem operasi, cukup meng-upgrade versi Ubuntu yang dimiliki ke versi berikutnya jika Anda menginginkannya.





Penggunaan




Sesaat Anda selesai menginstal Ubuntu Anda dapat langsung menggunakan Ubuntu. Di dalam sistem terdapat banyak aplikasi untuk kegiatan bisnis, aplikasi untuk internet, aplikasi untuk menggambar dan grafik, dan juga beragam permainan. Hanya dengan satu CD Anda sudah memiliki lingkungan desktop yang sangat bagus, dan juga dengan banyak aplikasi yang berguna untuk keperluan bisnis, kegiatan di rumah dan untuk pengguna komputer pribadi dan semuanya sudah terinstal dalam Ubuntu. Selain ini ada ribuan perangkat lunak tambahan yang dapat Anda instal hanya dengan mengeklik satu tombol.



Kelebihan menggunakan Ubuntu
1. Tidak perlu membeli License dan boleh digunakan di banyak komputer hanya dengan satu CD
2. Stabil, bebas virus, malware, worm, dsb sehingga tidak perlu memasang program antivirus
3. Sangat ringan dan boleh digunakan pada komputer dengan hardware yang rendah
4. Tidak sulit untuk installasi driver karena kebanyakan driver telah ada didalam CD seperti LAN,           Wifi, Audio dan sebagainya
5. Banyak aplikasi seperti untuk browsing internet, office, mendengar musik, memainkan video,             photo viewer, kalkulator dsb
6. Terdapat Live CD, yang memperbolehkan Anda untuk mencoba menggunakan Ubuntu tanpa perlu      installasi ke dalam hard disk, hanya perlu boot menggunakan CD Ubuntu untuk masuk ke Live            CD     session
7. Ada Ubuntu Software Center, yang memudahkan anda untuk download aplikasi lainnya yang tidak     ada pada Ubuntu
8. Desktop effect yang sangat keren dan menarik dengan Compiz Fusion
9. Dapat menjalan aplikasi Windows menggunakan Wine (Windows Emulator)
10.Tahap Customization yang sangat tinggi, Anda dapat mengubah desktop dan seluruh sistem                operasi jika diinginkan
11. Terdapat versi baru Ubuntu yang dikeluarkan setiap 6 bulan untuk memastikan Anda selalu Up-          to-Date
12. Stabil dan masih banyak lagi kelebihan yang lainnya pada Ubuntu


Kelemahan menggunakan Ubuntu
1. Masih belum cukup user friendly, terkadang pengguna biasa agak kaku dalam pengoperasiannya         terutama yang belum terbiasa dengan Linux
2. Aplikasi kegemaran anda di Windows mungkin tidak dapat digunakan di Ubuntu sehingga tidak         semua aplikasi Compatible dapat dijalankan dengan Wine
3. Jika biasa menggunakan Windows 7, Anda mungkin merindukan fungsi Superbar, Aero Glass dan     bermacam-macam lagi fungsi yang tidak terdapat pada Ubuntu

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